Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful method to study Display Figure gene function in plants.Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based VIGS vector is the most efficient VIGS vector so far.This method was originally developed by the Dinesh-Kumar's group (Liu et al., 2002).Here, we describe a rapid and high efficient TRV-based VIGS method for

In allusion to problems that coal mine gas sensor uses manual calibration may lead to toxic gas threat to personnel life, the paper proposed a design scheme of transmit module of infrared signal, and introduced infrared adjustment principle, obtain of transmission protocol for infrared signal, Building Set hardware and software designs of the modul

Evidence that Neanderthals had mastered the production of birch bark tar as an adhesive has generated important and timely debate concerning behavioural complexity.Increased resolution of the data on palaeo-climatic conditions has also brought into sharp focus the need for hominins living in high latitudes to possess complex cultural mechanisms to